Beginning Unix

When logging in, remember that UNIX is case-sensitive.

• Make sure the Caps Lock key has not been pressed (check indicator light on keyboard).
• Connect to obsidian
• Click on Start, Programs, CpSc Apps
• Select the ssh application (putty)
• open secure shell to obsidian.sru.edu
• At the login prompt, enter your SRU ID and password

UNIX Login/out

1. granite login sample

Compaq Tru64 UNIX V5.1A (Rev. 1885) (granite.sru.edu) (pts/3) login: whit Password: Last successful login for whit: Sun Sep 15 09:57:37 EDT 2002 from acs-24-154-2 00-170.zoominternet.net Last unsuccessful login for whit: Fri Jul 12 09:34:17 EDT 2002 from acs-24-154-1 05-247.zoominternet.net Compaq Tru64 UNIX V5.1A (Rev. 1885); Tue Aug 20 10:01:48 EDT 2002 Computer Science Unix Development Server !!! ----------- This system is for the use of authorized users only. Individuals using this computer system without authority, or in excess of their authority, are subject to having all of their activities on this system monitored and recorded by system personnel. In the course of monitoring individuals improperly using this system, or in the course of system maintenance, the activities of authorized users may also be monitored. Anyone using this system expressly consents to such monitoring and is advised that if such monitoring reveals possible evidence of criminal activity, system personnel may provide the evidence of such monitoring to law enforcement officials. ----------- You have new mail. granite:~>

2. Log off - exit; ^d

granite>  exit

Basic Unix commands


 

granite> echo  $HOME granite> pwd granite> chmod  go-rwx  $HOME granite> mkdir  backup granite> mkdir  work granite> ls  -a

echo (or print) the value of the variable called HOME print the current working directory (where you are in the file system) protect your "home" directory make a new directory where you can save backup copies of your files make a new directory to work in for today "list" the files your cureently have in this directory

In the next command, g is for group, o is for other, r is for read permission, w for write and x for execute permission. The "*" is a wild card character that matches any filename. The net effect is to remove read, write and execute permissions for anyone bu you on all files in your home directory. No one else will be able to look into or copy from your subdirectories.
 

granite> chmod go-rwx * granite> ls -al       granite> cd work granite> pwd granite> ls -a

protect all the files within your directory a long listing shows file permissions -rwx------ change your current directory to the work directory print current working directory list all files, in the short format

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The UNIX file system is similar to that of a PC, except you have to imagine that you are using DOS, not Windows. In Windows you use the file Explorer to access, copy and remove your files. Your Current location is shown graphically as the deepest level of a hierarchy (and an open folder) in the left-hand window. (Alternatively, you actually see a separate window that indicates your location and its contents.)
In UNIX, you have to ask what your current directory is (pwd). You will always start in your own "home directory." You may create many subdirectories and put many files in each. That can make things confusing, so remember the pwd command.
Some other tidbits:

• You can refer to your own home directory using $HOME or ~ (the tilde character) from anywhere in the file system.
• You can refer to the current directory using a single dot: .
• You can refer to the directory one up from your current directory (the parent directory) using two dots: ..
• You can refer to someone else's home directory as tilde-username: ~deborah.whitfield
• Printing
  
  
  obsidian>  lpr file.txt

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